Bengal united was a threat to the british rule in india, thus they partitioned it. Around 1905, bengal had become the nerve centre of the indian nationalism. Why the hindu oppose the partition of bengal between 1905 and 1911. In july 1905, the government had shown intention of dividing bengal.
Saga of bengal partition 67 hindus and muslims, which had lain dormant during the 500 years of muslim rule. Bengal at that time was the most educated and prosperous province of india. The partition of bengal in 1947, part of the partition of india, divided the british indian province of bengal based on the radcliffe line between india and pakistan. It included majority of the eastern and north eastern states. John brodrick, secretary of state for india, give an idea of its objectives in the partition of bengal calcutta is the center from which the congress party is manipulated throughout bengal, and even the whole of india. Swadeshi movement was one of the most momentous events in indian freedom struggle in history of india. Download partition of bengal 1905 notes pdf from the link given below. Candidates can download the history study material pdf from the. Bengal, which included bihar and orissa since 1765, was admittedly much too large for a single province of british india. Partition of bengal, 1905 effected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 18991905, proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal. Jan 30, 2019 the dicision to split bengal came in july and by october 16, 1905, bengal had been divided into piston bengal and assam with a population of 31 million and the rest of bengal with a population of the 4 million of who 18 million were bengalis, a. The decision to partition the state of bengal was announced by lord curzon, the then viceroy of india in july 1905. It was said that the existing province of bengal was too big to be efficiently administered by a single provincial government. The british crown gave approval to the partition plan and the province of bengal was divided into two parts on 16th october 1905 named as western bengal and eastern bengal.
Partition of bengal 1905 and its annulment in 1911 bengal, bihar and orissa had formed a single province under british india since 1765. Partition of bengal and swadeshi movement partition of bengal. The idea of partitioning bengal did not originate with curzon. The partition of bengal in 1905, was made on october 16, by then viceroy of india, lord curzon. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Curzon announced the partition on the pretext of administrative convenience as he considered the existing province of bengal too big and unwieldy to be effectively administered. John brodick approved the plan in june and consequently the province of bengal was partitioned on 16th october, 1905. Need for partition unofficail reason curb the uprising of the rising power of bengal muslim would welcome this action divide the unity of muslim and hindu oficial reason it was to big province consited of bihar, orisa and bengalmention population with area of bengal it was administratively starved it had less police stations. Lawful methods moderate and liberal hindus protested through constitutional methods, passed resolutions, sent petitions to the government and to the secretary of state, wrote in print media, met with english politicians in england and conveyed them indian grievances. They were jealous of the emergence of a muslim majority province. The partition took place in 16 october 1905 and separated the largely muslim eastern areas from the largely hindu western areas. Western bengal, with a population of 54 million, of which 42 million would be hindus and 9 million muslims with calcutta as the capital. Archival files and documents repository collection area reference title creation datesera extent scope and content related persons related places british library india office records and private papers msseurd709 note on a a seditious picture 1905 ce 1 file a confidential report sent by c.
The mohammedan literary society brought out a manifesto in 1905 signed by seven leading muslim personalities. In 1905 the decision of the partition of bengal and creation of a new province eastern bengal and assam by lord curzon was an epochmaking step of the british government. The partition of bengal in 1905 provided a spark for the rise of extremism in the indian national movement. Eastern bengal and assam one part and the rest of bengal the other part. The decision to partition the state of bengal was announced by. The new province of east bengal happened to be a muslim majority province, which the hindus and congress strongly resented.
What was the reason behind the partition of bengal 1905. Partition of bengal during the period of lord curzon. Partition of bengal, 1905 affected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 1899 1905. Partition of bengal 1905 facts and general knowledge partition of bengal 1905 is also known as banga vanga andolon in india. How did hindus oppose the partition of bengal between 1905 and 1911. Feb 28, 20 how did hindus oppose the partition of bengal between 1905 and 1911. The bengali patriots carrying flags of united bengal and slogans of unity is strength marched through the streets of calcutta and they reached town hall. In 1905, the first partition in bengal was implemented as an administrative preference, making governing the two provinces, west and east bengal, easier. This partition came into effect in october 1905 and divided the muslim majority of eastern bengal from the hindu majority of the western part of the state. The partition separated the largely muslim eastern areas from the largely hindu western areas on 16 october 1905 after being announced on 19 july 1905 by the. The presidency of bengal was the most populous province in british india. The partition of bengal 1905 study material exams daily. Introduction the decision to effect the partition of bengal was announced in july 1905 by the. The partition of bengal in 1905 was made on october 16 by viceroy curzon.
The real reason that led to the partition of bengal was the british attempt to weaken the indian nationalism. This brought a mass agitation in bengal and through out india. Partition of bengal, 1905 effected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 1899 1905, proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal. So in 1905, the british decided to redraw bengals boundaries and divided it into two parts. Curzon decided the eastern region was neglected and undergoverned. Similarly incorporating chhota nagpur with the central provinces. After the british crushed the sepoy rebellion of 1875, they dissolved the east india company and took direct control of the province. For documents, see the partition of bengal 1905 icii. There were also additional proposals to separate chittagong and the districts of dhaka and mymensingh from bengal and attaching them to the province of assam. Three months after the viceroy of british india, lord curzon, announced his decision to split bengal in 1905, the partition came into force, effectively dividing the province on religious lines. Partition of bengal 1905 and its impact on muslim education in eastern bengal. Jun 06, 2002 whereas previous studies of the end of british rule in india have concentrated on the negotiations of the transfer of power at the allindia level or have considered the emergence of separatist politics amongst indias muslim minorities, this study provides a reevaluation of the history of bengal focusing on the political and social processes that led to the demand for partition in bengal and. Its eastern part was conceded to assam province to form a new eastern bengal and assam province. The whole political life of bengal underwent a change.
In this year the song crossed the boundaries of bengal, spread like a jungle fire throughout the nation which would oust the british rule. In 1906 the muslim league was formed as a party independent of the indian national congress. Whereas previous studies of the end of british rule in india have concentrated on the negotiations of the transfer of power at the allindia level or have considered the emergence of separatist politics amongst indias muslim minorities, this study provides a reevaluation of the history of bengal focusing on the political and social processes that led to the demand for partition in bengal and. The dicision to split bengal came in july and by october 16, 1905, bengal had been divided into piston bengal and assam with a population of 31 million and the rest of bengal with a population of the 4 million of who 18 million were bengalis, a. Western bengal, with a population of 54 million, of which 42 million. Partition of bengal finding the bengal presidency too large for one governor to administer, in 1905, the british decided to redraw its boundaries and divide it into two parts. While the partition split the province between west bengal, in which the majority was hindu, and the east, where the majority was muslim, the 1905 partition left considerable minorities of hindus in east bengal and muslims in west bengal.
The annulment of partition of bengal was done by gktoday. Even today for a close look at the problems of the socalled communal discrimin ation in india, a more recent account of the term as interpreted in recent times, is significant. Bengal was as large as france but with a significantly larger population. The first partition of bengal was in 1905, which was implemented to make administrating and governing easy for the britishers. One can count on dr asok mitra to say things that very few dare to say and most do not even notice or perceive. Pdf highmodernist hubris in the 1905 partition of bengal nolan. The bengal presidency 17571912, later reorganized as the bengal province 19121947, was once the largest subdivision of british india following the dissolution of the mughal bengal, with its seat in calcutta now kolkata. The eastern region was thought to be neglected and undergoverned. Proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal. Here we give the partition of bengal study material in the pdf format. On july 20th 1905, the first partition of bengal along religious lines was approved in london by the secretary of state of india. The partition of bengal made by lord curzon in 1905 lasted. The remaining part of bengal was further reduced by surrendering some of its parts to the central province.
Modern india partition of bengal swadeshi movement psc. A lord curzon b lord minto c lord hardinge d lord chelmsford show answer lord hardinge lord hardinge, the viceroy of india 1910 1916, is remembered for the annulment of the partition of bengal in 1911. View partition of bengal research papers on academia. This study breaks fresh ground by way of discussing two important social controversies in nineteenthcentury bengal. Need for partition unofficail reason curb the uprising of the rising power of bengal muslim would welcome this action divide the unity of muslim and hindu oficial reason it was to big province consited of bihar, orisa and bengal mention population with area of bengal it was administratively starved it had less police stations. On 20 july 1905, lord curzon announced the partition of bengal into two parts. Aug 06, 2015 partition of bengal 1905 and its annulment in 1911 bengal, bihar and orissa had formed a single province under british india since 1765. The partition of the indian subcontinent in 1947 saw the birth of india and pakistan in an unprecedented human tragedy. The manifesto was circulated to the different muslim societies of both west and east bengal and urged the muslims to give their unqualified support to the partition measure. It included the hindispeaking regions of bihar, the oriyaspeaking regions of orissa as well as the assamesespeaking region of assam, making it a huge administrative entity. Partition of bengal, 1905 swadeshi movement mitras ias. In bengal, partition frustrated the plans and purposes of the very groups that had demanded it.
The bengal partition,background,partition,political crisis. The partition of bengal 1905 essay sample sample essays. It also gives an account of the intense nationalist. Oct 18, 2007 partition of bengal, 1905 effected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 1899 1905, proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal. The partition enjoyed the support of most hindu legislators in the bengal. The partition of the bengal province came into effect during his viceroyalty on 16 th october 1905.
On 16 october 1905 bengal province was redistributed by the viceroy lord curzon, apparently for administrative efficiency. Introduction the decision to effect the partition of bengal was announced in july 1905 by the viceroy of india, lord curzon. No sooner than the partition of bengal was declared, thousands of angry bharatiyas protested the decision in a unanimous voice. This article talks about the partition of bengal, 1905 and the causes, effects and outcomes of the partition. It began a transformation of the indian national congress from a middleclass pressure group into a nationwide mass movement. The partition of bengal was enforced in 1905 by viceroy lord curzon for administration purposes. The partition of bengal made by lord curzon in 1905. Introduction background reasons for partition political crises anti partition movement spread of the movement reaction of the british government reunification and aftermath significance of the movement strength to the national movement. Why was bengal of british india partitioned in 1905.
Partition of bengal in 1905 during the british rule in india is structured by lord curzon, the viceroy of india. Round and round, like the diurnal revolution of the earth went the file, stately. India would control everything except defence and foreign affairs, each province would have a legislative assembly with a provincial government and a governor, separate electorates would continue, viceroy would still be appointed by british government. It was comprising of bengal, behar and orissa and was under the central of one lieutenant governor. This unit attempts to place before you the factors which prompted the british to partition.
What were the causes and effects of the partition of bengal. Contribution of gopal krishna gokhale post partition of bengal 1905 has been immense as he played crucial role in cooperation and mutual existence of hindus and muslims. When the file came up before him, curzon was both surprised and vexed to find that he. Lord curzon was the viceroy of india from 1899 to 1905. Curzons partition of bengal in 1905 is one of the legends of the freedom movement. The provinces of bengal and assam were reconstituted to form two provinces of manageable sizewest bengal, with a population of 54 million 42 million hindus and 18. Home department resolution on the partition of bengal and the creation of the new province of. But it was not the first time that british india witnessed a partition. After lord curzon took charge as governor general of india. Contribution of gopal krishna gokhale post partition of. The following excerpts from the letter of february 2, 1905 curzon st. Partition of bengal, 1905, division of bengal carried out by the british viceroy in india, lord curzon, despite strong indian nationalist opposition. The partition of bengal 1905 from pages of history.
The secretaries of the bengal antipartition agitation. The provincial state of bengal had an area of 189,000 sq. Proposal and act of partition the government officially published the idea of partition in bengal in january 1904, justifying the move on administrative grounds. According to this scheme, the province was divided into two provinces eastern bengal with decca s its capital and western bengal with calcutta as its capital. India would control everything except defence and foreign affairs, each province would have a legislative assembly with a provincial government and a governor, separate electorates would continue, viceroy would still be appointed. Predominantly hindu west bengal became a province of india, and predominantly muslim east bengal now bangladesh became a province of pakistan. First lets see how the bengal province was back then. On 7 august 1905, the huge meeting was organized in the town hall in calcutta. What were the causes and effects of the partition of. Two bengal partition and aftermath madhubanti banerjee graduate student, m. Partition of bengal 1905 history of the partition of bengal under british rule, 1905 to 1911. The decision to effect the partition of bengal was announced in july 1905 by the viceroy of india, lord curzon. Nov 20, 2009 partition of bengal 1905 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
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